Did you know that humans produce cannabinoids naturally?
Our body (and that of all mammals) has an endocannabinoid system that is responsible for regulating the body’s homeostasis , what does this mean? That the endocannabinoid system has the function of maintaining stability between the environment that surrounds us (the outside) and our own metabolism (change in body temperature, fluid balance, etc.).
What makes up the cannabinoid system?
- Endocannabinoids are synthesized in the body and act as signaling molecules that bind to receptors. The two main endocannabinoids in the body are anandamide and 2-AG.
- Enzymes: The endocannabinoid system has enzymes that synthesize and degrade endocannabinoids.
- The Endocannabinoid System CB1 and CB2 receptors are the two main receptors. These receptors are located in the cells of our body. Different cannabinoids bind, block and modulate the activity of these receptors.
Types of cannabinoids
There are 3 types of cannabinoids: phytocannabinoids, synthetic cannabinoids and endocannabinoids.
Phytocannabinoids: they are those acquired from plants that contain cannabis, the best known is undoubtedly the cannabis sativa plant but nevertheless sage, among others also contains levels of cannabis.
Synthetic cannabinoids: They are those that are born from a laboratory, that is, they are synthesized.
Endo-cannabinoids: They are endogenous compounds, that is, internal compounds that control different physiological functions.
All of these types of cannabinoids are capable of attaching to endocannabinoid receptors in humans.
What are cannabinoid receptors?
There are two types of receptors: CB1 and CB2. They need endocannabides to regulate systems such as digestive, bone, immune, etc. The importance of our body having a certain optimal amount of endocannabinoids means that if we suffer from a deficit of it, a group of conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, phastointestinal inflammation, Parkinson’s, autism, epilepsy, etc.
Cannabinoid receptors play a critical role in the function of the endocannabinoid system. They help transmit messages from endocannabinoids from cell to cell.
WHERE ARE CB1 RECEPTORS LOCATED?
CB1 receptors are found mainly in the nervous system and are responsible for regulating appetite, emotional processes and memory:
- Brain
- Spinal cord
- Fat cells
- Liver
- Pancreas
- Skeletal muscles
- Gastrointestinal tract
- Reproductive System
WHERE ARE CB2 RECEPTORS LOCATED?
CB2 receptors are mainly found in the immune system and are responsible for reducing inflammation and responding to diseases.
- Immune cells
- Gastrointestinal tract
- Liver
- Fat cells
- Bones
- Reproductive System
How does the endocannabinoid system work?
The endocannabinoid system is a neurotransmitter system between cells that are found in different areas and tissues. That is, an intercellular communication system that regulates homeostasis.
This system works as a neuromodulator, regulating neurotransmission and is related to many functions such as sleep, appetite, mood, pain, etc. All of our body systems are in a constant state of physiological balance, and endocannabinoids help mediate this state when needed.
In conclusion, using cbd is one of the possible methods to keep the endocannabinoid system functioning optimally.
Bibliography and Digital Sources
- Cannabinoid receptor CB1 mediates baseline and activity-induced survival of new neurons in adult hippocampal neurogenesis https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Reggio PH. The Cannabinoid Receptors. Greensboro: Springer Publishing; 2009. 402 p.
- Shenglong Zou and Ujendra Kumar. Cannabinoid Receptors and the Endocannabinoid System: Signaling and Function in the Central Nervous System.
- Valdeolivas S, Satta V, Pertwee RG, Fernandez-Ruiz J, Sagredo O. Sativex-like combination of phytocannabinoids is neuroprotective in malonate-lesioned rats, an inflammatory model of Huntington’s disease: role of CB1 and CB2 receptors. ACS Chem. Neurosci. 2012; 3 (5):400-406.
- A simple guide to Endocannabinoid System. Healthline
- Dopamine | Psychology Wiki | Fandom https://psychology.wikia.org
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